what is OSI Model and explain it’s ?
The OSI Model is like a recipe for how computers talk to each other. It has different layers, just like a cake has different layers. Each layer has a specific job to do, and they work together to send information from one computer to another.
The bottom layer is like the foundation of the cake, it helps the other layers stay organized. The middle layers help package the information and make sure it gets to the right place. And the top layer is like the icing on the cake, it makes everything look nice and pretty.
So, the OSI Model helps computers communicate by breaking down the process into different steps, just like a cake recipe breaks down the process of making a cake into different steps.
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OSI model is just to understand how your information from one computer start it’s journey to reach to intended computer regardless of which vendor computer is made by. In practical there is only one protocol suite in action : TCP/IP
OSI model still helps to narrow down your complex networking issues into 7 layers.
Let take a quick example: say you want to send an email
This is how data will be generated and traverse through each layer
Application layer : you will open your email client like gmail, yahoomail etc. and compose
Presentation Layer : this layer will encode the data so that client on receiver side could understand
Session Layer : Create a time period in between you will keep your connection established
and terminate later on
Transport Layer : This layer will break down the data received by above layer, into smaller
chunks and put a sequence number on each . called Segment
Network Layer : This layer will put a source (sender) and destination (receiver) IP address and
encapsulate (pack) in packet. called Packet
Data Link Layer : This layer will encapsulate the packet in frame and put source mac address
and destination mac address of next hop. called Frame
Physical Layer : This layer will actually move the data to next hop in form of electrical
signal/radio signal
Heads UP : This is just quick summary , there are lots of protocol will be working under the hood, while transferring the data from one layer to another
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After Configuring VLAN 10 and its associated layer 3 interface, which command will apply an IP address to the Layer 3 interface ?
The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework that was created to standardized the communication process between different computer systems. The OSI model divides the process into seven layers, each with a specific function.
Here are the seven layers of the OSI model, along with their functions:
Physical Layer: This layer is responsible for the transmission of raw bits over a communication channel, such as a cable or wireless network. Its function includes the transmission of signals, signal modulation, and error detection.
Data Link Layer: This layer is responsible for providing error-free transmission of data over a physical link. It functions include the detection and correction of errors, flow control, and addressing.
Network Layer: This layer is responsible for the transmission of data from one node to another node across a network. It functions include routing, addressing, and the fragmentation and reassembly of packets.
Transport Layer: This layer is responsible for ensuring that data is delivered to the appropriate application process on the destination computer. Its functions include segmentation and reassembly of data, error recovery, flow control, and end-to-end transport services.
Session Layer: This layer is responsible for establishing, managing, and terminating sessions between applications. Its functions include session establishment, data synchronization, and session termination.
Presentation Layer: This layer is responsible for the representation and conversion of data into a format that is understandable by the application layer. Its functions include data encryption, data compression, and data formatting.
Application Layer: This layer is responsible for providing services to the user and application processes. Its functions include file transfer, email, and database access.
By dividing the communication process into these seven distinct layers, the OSI model makes it easier to understand and design complex computer networks.
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